SAT/ACT Grammar Class Notesb

Test Type
Both
Last Updated
Jul 11, 2025 07:23 AM
03.23      语法
【做题习惯】
一定要看全整个句子再做题
  1. 看什么：SVO（主谓宾）
  1. 怎么找：去掉修饰介词+名词、doing/done、从句
a girl (sitting by my side)
the apple (eaten by my mom)
the way (to the library)
_____________________________________
A girl cries, (sitting by my side.)
(In the morning), I eat breakfast.
  1. 要做什么呢？
    1. 如果SVO过多- run on流水句
原文形式：SVO_______SVO.
SVO____VO.
怎么改：
——改标点SVO; SVO./ SVO. SVO./ SVO: SVO./ SVO—SVO.
——加,fanboys (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) (e.g. SVO, and SVO.)
——改从句。注意句子中连词个数（连词个数=句子个数-1）
SVO; while SVO.—错
SVO（主句）, while SVO（从句）.—对
  1. 如果SVO不全（通常没有V）-- fragment- 残句
错误形式：By doing.
Because SVO.
选项：选动词
【doing】
SVO, doing.— doing修饰S或者SVO.
SVO doing.— doing修饰正前方名词
【语法作业】
  1. X302、X303- boundaries题目做完。
  1. X309- 标点章节，至少做30道题。
  1. 套题，计时做完之后，一定要写错题分析
04.06      语法
【X302】
  1. 三者及以上并列加逗号
A and B
A, B, and C
【X303】
  1. that/ which/ who/ whom+ 不完整句（SV/ VO）
I see a boy who is playing football.
I see a boy whom I play with.
the information that I need
  1. 不必要的标点
错误形式：
S, VO.
SV, O.
on, the table
a pretty, girl
S,插入语, VO.--对
【标点】
冒号：
冒号前一定要有完整句SVO：
冒号后可以是单词、短语、SVO
引号“”
  1. 看引号前是否有完整句
SVO：“...”
  1. 看引号里是否有完整句
SV, “SVO.”
SV“单词、短语.”
逗号
  1. 三者及以上并列加逗号 a, b, and c
  1. SVO, fanboys SVO.
  1. 插入语前后双逗号
    【限定VS非限定】
    Jack is my husband who loves me very much.--限定--缩小范围--不能删
    Jack is my husband, who loves me very much.-- 非限定--额外补充--能删
    大范围+小范围：限定，不加逗号
    Beijing-born artist Jack
    大范围        +小范围
    小范围+额外补充：非限定，加逗号
    Jack, the Beijing-born artist
    06.02      语法
    【前置性修饰】-- 修饰主句的主语
    Doing/ Done/ To do, SVO.
    • Seeing the results, she finally felt relieved.
        • （看到结果后，她终于松了口气。）
    • Tired from work, he fell asleep on the couch.
        • （因工作疲惫，他倒在沙发上睡着了。）
    • To finish the report, she stayed up all night.
        • （为了完成报告，她熬夜了。）
    By/ after/ in… +doing, SVO.
    • By practicing every day, he improved his English.
        • （通过每天练习，他提高了英语水平。）
    • After eating dinner, they went for a walk.
        • （吃过晚饭后，他们去散步了。）
    • In solving this puzzle, she showed great patience.
        • （在解这个谜题的过程中，她表现出了极大的耐心。）
    noun, SVO.
    • A teacher by profession, she understands students very well.
        • （作为一名老师，她非常了解学生。）
    • A rare opportunity, it shouldn’t be missed.
        • （这是一个难得的机会，不应错过。）
    Like/ As noun, SVO.
    • Like her father, she is calm under pressure.
        • （她像她爸爸一样，在压力下也很冷静。）
    • As a leader, he needs to make tough decisions.
        • （作为领导，他需要做出艰难的决定。）
    【后置性修饰】
    SVO, doing. —doing修饰S或者SVO.
    • Jack failed the exam, not remembering all the words.
    • Jack failed the exam, suggesting that he did not remember all the words.
    • Jack walked into the room, carrying a heavy bag.
        • （Jack走进房间，手里拎着一个沉重的包。）→ doing修饰Jack
    • She looked at me, smiling kindly.
        • （她看着我，亲切地笑着。）→ doing修饰她的神态动作
    SVO, done. – done修饰S或者O
    • I came into the room, followed by a dog.
    • I came into the room, decorated with flowers.
    done修饰主语或宾语（就近名词）。
    • I saw a painting, created by a famous artist.
        • （我看到一幅画，是一位著名艺术家创作的。）→ done修饰painting
    • He entered the hall, surrounded by reporters.
        • （他走进大厅，被记者包围着。）→ done修饰he
    SVO doing/done. – doing/ done就近修饰最近的名词
    doing/done紧跟在句子后，修饰就近的名词。
    • She heard a noise coming from the basement.
        • （她听到一个声音，是从地下室传来的。）→ doing修饰noise
    • They found a letter written in French.
        • （他们发现一封信，是用法语写的。）→ done修饰letter
    【分号】
    1. 分割完整句子SVO；SVO.
    1. 分割带逗号的成分
    a, b; c, d; and e, f
    Jack, Biology; Mike, History; and Tom, Math
    Beijing, China; Toronto, Canada; and NY, the US
    【副词分号】
    SVO1. SVO2; however, SVO3.—2、3句转折
    SVO1. SVO2, however; SVO3. – 1、2句转折
    常考的副词：though, for example, also
    【though】
    1. adv. = however 但是
    SVO1. SVO2; though, SVO3.—2、3句转折
    SVO1. SVO2, though; SVO3. – 1、2句转折
    Though, SVO.
    S, though, VO.
    SVO, though.
    1. conj. = although 尽管
    Though SVO, SVO.
    SVO, though SVO.
    【逻辑词】
    1. 区分副词和连词
    常考的副词：however, though, also, furthermore, for example, then
    副词不能分割完整句
    1. 连词个数= 句子个数-1
    Though SVO, but SVO. —错
    1. 含义
    转折
    however, still, nevertheless, though； That said, granted, of course+ 小瑕疵
    意料之外； 例句：I studied all night. However, I still failed the test. → 出乎意料地失败。 因果关系断裂 I trained for months. However, I wasn’t selected for the team. 👉 原本你以为“训练很久 ➝ 被选上”，但转折打断了这个因果链，结果是“没被选”。
    对比
    Contrast, on the other hand, however
    强调两者不同 1≠2
    补充
    Moreover, furthermore, also, addition
    观点→ 1 ≠ 2 例句：She’s smart. Moreover, she’s very kind. → 加一点好话，但不是同一个角度。 所以不是“她很聪明，而且更聪明”，而是“她不仅聪明，还有别的好”。 The book is informative. Furthermore, it’s fun to read. （信息量足 + 阅读体验好，不是一个角度）
    类比
    Similarly, likewise, on a similar note, by the same token
    1 ≈ 2
    强调
    In fact, indeed
    1 → 1+  程度加深
    ㅤ
    On the contrary, instead, rather— 反过来说 通常前面有否定表达 她不丑。On the contrary, 她很丑/她很漂亮。 Theremin was not invented for movies. Instead, it was designed to replace the instrument.
    因果
    So, therefore, result, accordingly, hence, thus
    通常有时间先后
    举例
    For example/ instance, SVO. In particular/ specifically, SVO. 出在语法题的部分：以下都是完整句 Take something. Take something for example. Take something, for example. Take, for example, something.
    具体化
    动作先后
    First, next, second of all, then, finally Then: 1. 然后 2. 在那时候/在当时 50 members now. Then, 5 yrs ago, only 5 members.
    重复
    In other words, that is
    总结
    conclusion
    【语法作业】
    X302、X303- transition部分的题目；
    按任务清单完成语法作业
     
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